How to Become a Wildlife Biologist

Published on: April 10, 2025

Are you drawn to animals, ecosystems and the science behind their survival? Wildlife biology might be the right path for you. This field blends research, conservation and fieldwork in some of the most dynamic environments on the planet.

Before learning how to break into the field, it helps to first understand: What do wildlife biologists do? Their work supports long-term environmental protection and real-world impact — from tracking migration patterns to studying endangered species.

Get Your Wildlife Biology and Conservation Degree

What Do Wildlife Biologists Do?

Wildlife biologists study animals and their environments to understand how species interact with each other and their habitats. Their work often involves data collection through field observations, biological sampling and population surveys to monitor changes in wildlife populations. Many focus on identifying threats like climate change, habitat loss or human activity, especially when working with endangered species. Some biologists conduct hands-on research in the field, while others contribute through lab work, policy or education. In every setting, their efforts help shape strategies that protect ecosystems and support enduring conservation goals.

Types of Wildlife Biologists

Wildlife biology encompasses various specializations, each focusing on specific animal groups or ecological aspects. For instance:

Mammalogists study mammals like bears and monkeys.

Ornithologists focus on birds such as hawks and penguins.

Herpetologists delve into reptiles and amphibians, including snakes and frogs.

Ichthyologists examine fish species like sharks and lungfish.

Beyond species-specific roles, some wildlife biologists specialize in fields like animal ecology, which explores how animals interact with their environments, or wildlife management — focusing on conserving and managing wildlife populations and habitats.

Step-by-Step Guide to Becoming a Wildlife Biologist

Learning how to become a wildlife biologist starts with earning a bachelor's degree in wildlife biology, zoology or a related science. From there, many professionals build experience through fieldwork, pursue graduate degrees or focus on areas like conservation, research or endangered species recovery. Strengthening skills in data analysis, environmental policy and ecological methods can make you a more competitive candidate for jobs in both the public and private sectors.

Develop an Interest in Nature and Science Early

Most wildlife biologists start with a deep curiosity about animals and the outdoors. Exploring nature, volunteering at conservation centers and joining science-focused clubs can build early experience and enthusiasm. Activities like birdwatching, hiking or participating in citizen science projects help develop observation skills and ecological awareness. In short, fostering a connection to wildlife early on lays the groundwork for the scientific thinking and passion needed to succeed in this career.

Earn a Bachelor’s Degree in Wildlife Biology

Most entry-level wildlife biologist positions require at least a bachelor’s degree in wildlife biology, zoology, ecology or a closely related field. These programs typically include coursework in:

Animal science

Ecology

Genetics

Statistics

Conservation

In addition, many offer hands-on fieldwork opportunities, giving students direct experience with research methods and wildlife observation. A strong academic foundation not only builds technical knowledge but also prepares students for internships, graduate study or specialized roles in wildlife science.

Gain Field and Research Experience

Fieldwork is a major part of most wildlife biology careers. Whether you’re tracking animals, collecting samples or studying habitats, hands-on experience helps develop the skills needed for real-world research. Many students gain this experience through internships, seasonal jobs for wildlife biologists or volunteer projects with conservation groups. Building a solid foundation early both prepares you for advanced roles as well as makes you more competitive in the job market after earning your wildlife biology degree.

Consider Earning an Advanced Degree

While a bachelor’s degree in wildlife biology can open doors to entry-level roles, many wildlife biologists pursue a master’s or doctorate degree to specialize in research, academia or leadership positions. Graduate programs offer deeper training in ecology, statistics and conservation theory, along with opportunities to lead independent studies. An advanced degree can also boost your qualifications for competitive wildlife biology careers in nonprofits, scientific research institutions or government agencies,.

Build a Professional Network

Networking plays a crucial role in launching and advancing a career in wildlife biology. Joining organizations like The Wildlife Society or attending conferences can connect you with mentors, employers and peers in the field. These connections often lead to research opportunities or internships and jobs for wildlife biologists. Staying active in the professional community also helps you keep up with trends in conservation, research and wildlife biology careers.

Earn Any Necessary Certifications or Licenses

Depending on your role and location, some wildlife biologist positions may require specific certifications or permits. For example, handling certain species might call for federal or state wildlife handling permits, while working in environmental consulting could require safety training or regulatory credentials. Certifications from organizations like The Wildlife Society can boost credibility in competitive wildlife biology careers, too. Be sure to research what’s needed for your area of interest so you're fully qualified to work with animals legally and safely.

Research Jobs That Interest You

Wildlife biology offers a range of career paths, from field research and environmental consulting to working with endangered species recovery programs. Researching specific roles can help you understand the skills, settings and responsibilities involved. Look into nonprofits, federal and state agencies, and academic institutions to see what positions align with your goals. Reviewing job descriptions also offers insight into required experience, preferred qualifications and areas where you can build expertise.

Apply for Wildlife Biologist Jobs

Once you’ve built the right skill set and experience, start applying for positions that match your interests and background. Focus on roles that align with your specialization (e.g., data collection, habitat restoration or studying endangered species). Opportunities can be found with environmental organizations, research institutions or government agencies. Tailor your resume to highlight fieldwork, analytical skills and, of course, your degree in wildlife biology. Staying flexible on location can also increase your chances of landing your first job.

Skills and Qualities Needed to Succeed as a Wildlife Biologist

A career in wildlife biology demands a blend of technical expertise, personal attributes and physical capabilities. Key skills and qualities include:

Scientific and analytical skills – Proficiency in research methodologies, data collection and statistical analysis is essential for studying animal behaviors, population dynamics and ecological interactions.

Attention to detail and patience – Careful observation is critical for detecting subtle changes in animal behavior or environmental conditions. Patience is necessary for long periods of fieldwork and data analysis.

Communication and teamwork – Effective verbal and written communication skills are vital for collaborating with colleagues, writing reports and educating the public. Teamwork is often required in field projects and research initiatives.

Physical stamina and adaptability – Fieldwork may involve traversing challenging terrains, enduring various weather conditions and working irregular hours. Thus, physical fitness and adaptability are important for these demanding tasks.

Career Outlook and Salary Expectations

According to the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), employment for wildlife biologists is projected to grow 4% from 2023 to 2033, with about 1,500 job openings expected each year due to workforce turnover. The field offers steady opportunities, especially for those with advanced degrees or specialized experience. As environmental concerns grow and conservation efforts expand, demand for trained professionals is expected to remain consistent across government, nonprofit and private sectors.

As of May 2024, the median annual wage for zoologists and wildlife biologists was $72,860. Salaries vary by location and industry, with higher pay reported in states like California and Washington and in sectors such as scientific consulting and environmental management. Professionals with fieldwork experience and expertise in data analysis or endangered species management may also command more competitive salaries.

Start Your Journey to Becoming a Wildlife Biologist at Husson

If you’ve ever wondered, “What do wildlife biologists do?” the answer entails everything from studying endangered species to managing wildlife populations and shaping conservation strategies. It’s a career rooted in science, fieldwork and a deep commitment to the natural world.

At Husson University, our online Bachelor of Science in Wildlife Biology and Conservation is designed to help you build the knowledge and experience needed to enter this growing field with confidence and clarity. Request more information to get started today.